Brown+v.+Board 

NAACP activists challenged the segregation of schools in Topeka, Kansas by filing their case in a U.S. District Court in 1951. In the legal filings, they were complaining about the harmful psychological effects of segregation to African American school children. This was not the first case to challenge school segregation, and as early at 1849 people were filing against it such as the case of Roberts v. City of Boston. Brown v. Board of Education would actually be the 12th suit filed against the state concerning ending segregation in public schools.
 * BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, [|Link 1], [|Link 2], [|Link 3])**
 * MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check [|Link 1])**
 * In //Plessy v. Ferguson,// the Supreme Court had misinterpreted the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Equal protection of the laws did not allow for racial segregation.
 * The Fourteenth Amendment allowed the government to prohibit any discriminatory state action based on race, including segregation in public schools.
 * The Fourteenth Amendment did not specify whether the states would be allowed to establish segregated education.
 * Psychological testing demonstrated the harmful effects of segregation on the minds of African American children.

**MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check [|Link 1])**
 * The Constitution did not require white and African American children to attend the same schools.
 * Social separation of blacks and whites was a regional custom; the states should be left free to regulate their own social affairs.
 * Segregation was not harmful to black people.
 * Whites were making a good faith effort to equalize the two educational systems. But because black children were still living with the effects of slavery, it would take some time before they were able to compete with white children in the same classroom.

Reaching a decision would prove to be a hard task, since Chief Justice Vinson and many others questioned the Court's constitutional authority to end school segregation. The justices also worried that a law to integrate schools would be unenforceable. In September 1935, Vinson died and Earl Warren was appointed as Chief Justice. Warren led the Court to a unanimous decision to overturn //Plessy// and change the course of American history.
 * THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check [|Link 1])

THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check [|Link 1] and Link 2)** The Court decided that it was segregation in schools shout not be allowed. Earl Warren wrote the decision for the court which said, the civil rights attorneys were correct in saying that they did not know what the intentions were for education in the fourteenth amendment. The saying sperate but not equal did not occur until after that was written and only aplied to transportation, not education. And it effected the education of African American children, education was the most important matter of state and local governments and they should not say schools have to be segregated.. This matter of racial segregation went against the 14th Amendment and due fifteenth.

**ENFORCING THE DECISION (discuss "with all deliberate speed) (Check [|Link 1] ****)** The courts said that desegregation had to be done at an "all deliberate speed". This was not a very good direction to follow so it gave people time to go against desegregation. Though, many whites followed and accepted the Brown decision others went against it and found it an assault against there ways of life. Segregationists started campaigns and talked to people about going against it because it was wrong.

The impact and legacy of the case Brown v. Board of Education made its main legacy on achieving equality. African Americans were struggling with the fact of equality in the 50's and when this was passed they tried to push to follow it to lead to more things they could do. The struggle for freedom of blacks soon errupted throughout the country, with many blacks trying to gain more freedom. This became a huge deal in the U.S. and after 50 years it lead to freedom and equality to all races, genders, ect. **
 * THE IMPACT and LEGACY** **(Check** [|**Link 1**]**)